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Nuclear law is the law related to the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology. Nuclear energy poses special risks to the health and safety of persons and to the environment, risks that must be carefully managed. However, nuclear material and technology also hold the promise of significant benefits, in a variety of fields, from medicine and agriculture to electricity production and industry. A human activity that involves only hazards and no benefits calls for a legal regime of prohibition, not regulation. Thus a basic feature of nuclear energy legislation is its dual focus on risks and benefits.〔HANDBOOK ON NUCLEAR LAW, IAEA July 2003 STI/PUB/1160〕 The purpose and function of nuclear law is that of all law, namely to promote and to protect; to promote the development of nuclear science and technology and to protect mankind against any hazards possibly connected therewith. On the promotional side of the palette, many kinds of public measures are found, such as outright subsidies for nuclear research and development, tax preferences for nuclear installations and nuclear insurance, indemnity and public coverage schemes for nuclear liability, "channelling" of liability for nuclear damage and other provisions which will be mentioned in the course of lectures to come. On the protective side, nuclear law has two distinct aspects – the protection against radiation hazards connected with the peaceful application of nuclear energy and radioactive substances, and the prevention of non-peaceful uses of nuclear energy by means of the safeguards system developed for that purpose.〔Werner Boulanger, Director of the IAEA Legal Division, "DEVELOPING NUCLEAR LAW" lecture given at Agency Headquarters to the first fully international course on the legal aspects of nuclear energy.〕 ==Definition== The International Atomic Energy Agency's ''Handbook on Nuclear Law'' gave a wide definition as "The body of special legal norms created to regulate the conduct of legal or natural persons engaged in activities related to fissionable materials, ionizing radiation and exposure to natural sources of radiation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nuclear law」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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